The Reasons For Growth Of Rapid Population Between...

The Reasons for Growth of Rapid Population between Seventeenth and Nineteenth Century Britain A wide variety of people living in the world have always been exposed at constant change and the evolution in population has always been a concern and issue by regimes and countries through out time, especially if it occurred within such short period of time. British economy and Europe underwent their greatest population transformation between the late 17th and the late 19th century. Especially, the growth of the English population in the eighteenth century has long interested economic historians and it subsequently provoked Thomas Malthus to debate about the relationship between population change and economics growth. Nonetheless, the structure†¦show more content†¦Despite these difficulties, the Cambridge Group’s leading members, Tony Wrigley and Roger Schofield have discerned a rise in the rate of English population increase in the second half of the eighteenth century and have emphasized fertility is the key mechanisms of population growth. The major reason for the growth of population in eighteenth century England can be accredited to a fall in mortality, which was particularly marked during the first half of the eighteenth century. The fall affected all socioeconomic groups and does not appear to have occurred for primarily economic reasons. In addition to an explanation involving the introduction of smallpox inoculation, the major hypothesis considered by Peter Razzell was that the significant improvement in domestic hygiene associated with the rebuilding of housing in brick and tile brought about a major reduction in mortality in the first half of the century. Revolutions are generally linked with upheaval in society, transforming a nation and its people. British agricultural revolution was the unprecedented increase in agricultural production in England due to increases in labour and land productivity that took place between 1750 and 1850. The Agricultural Revolution saw the invention of the reaper, which saved many back-breaking hors of labour in the fields and eliminated the fallow land from farming. Agricultural revolution allowed the agricultural output

Food Craving free essay sample

Background of Study Introduction â€Å"A way to the man’s heart is through their stomach†. No one can resist a good food. Through the years that had passed and as our life goes on, we all know that food is one of the basic needs of human kind. Many different foods, cuisine that comes out but we Filipinos are mostly hooked up in a fast food chains. Are you ever bothered in eating in a fast food? Do you want to know why we Filipinos are hooked in a fast food chains? Then great! We all have answers for your curious mind.This study is conducted to inform the beneficiary and can be used for future reference for others things such as educational paraphernalia and the likes. Statement of the problem Major Problem The reason why Filipinos crave for fast foods. Even if we have difficulty when it comes to financial needs, why do we still want to spend our money eating in a fast food chain? A statement that most of Filipinos said, â€Å"Then you don’t wanna miss a delicious chicken joy from Jollibee†. This problem relates to all of us in our social life and also the status of business economy in our nation. The scope and the depth of the problem is measured by our respondents. Specific Problem Why do Filipinos crave for fast food? In what specific reason.? What specifically is a typical Filipino taste? Significance of the Study To the youth. They’ll know that not all fast foods are healthy. Because fast food is high in sodium, saturated fats, trans fat, and cholesterol. Fast food also lacks many of the nutrients, vitamins, and minerals our bodies need. Kids ages 7 to 12 should eat about 2,200 calories per day. But with a single fast food meal, comprise almost a full day’s calories. To the elderly. They’ll know that eating fast food for too much over a long period of time can lead to health problems such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and obesity. Adults should consume around 2,000 calories per day. They must know that with fast food, moderation is important. And also some fast foods cost expensive yet not healthy and delicious, then it’s just a waste of money. Methods and sources of dataThis term paper was conducted at the library the researchers make use of books, magazines and internet for the information needed and for the answers to the researcher’s major and specific problem the researchers also conducted a survey and distributed a survey form. What became our sources? The researchers use the books from the library to be their primarily source as well as the internet. These things help the researchers to conduct the study. Scope and Delimitation of the Study In this study, we have gathered some  statistics  about youth and elderly ages 16-55, who had an experience eating fast food.This study is focus on why Filipinos crave for fast food. This study also shows the advantages and disadvantages of fast food. The researchers did not, however, focus on  those who are in age of 1-15. This study didn’t focus on how much is the rate of fast food. Conceptual framework Types of Location Sanitation Primary cause or factors of craving Reasons why Filipino crave for fast foods Fast food Craving History Definition Types Definition Primary cause or factors of craving Sanitation Types of Location Definition of Terms Ascendant. Dominant, superior, or influential. Cognitive. Having a basis in or reducible to empirical factual knowledge.Contractive. Tending to contract; having the property or power or power of contracting. Covet. To wish for longingly. Detoxify. To counteract or destroy the toxic properties of. Disperse. To cause to vanish or disappear. Dispute. To question the truth or validity of. Eloquent. Characterized by persuasive, powerful discourse. Endorphins. Any of a group of peptide hormones that bind to opiate receptors and are found mainly in the brain. Endorphins reduce the sensation of pain and affect emotions. Excruciate. To inflict severe pain on. Expansive. Capable of expanding or tending to expand. Glucose.A monosaccharide sugar, occurring widely in most plant and animal tissue. Genre. A type or class. Immense. Of boundless or immeasurable size or extent. Laundering. To wash, fold, and iron. Opioid. Any of a group of substances that resemble morphine in their physiological or pharmacological effects, especially in their pain-relieving properties Quay. A wharf or reinforced bank where ships are loaded or unloaded. Sensory. transmitting impulses from sense organs to nerve centers. Serotonin. An organic compound, formed from tryptophan and found in animal and human tissue,stimulation of the smooth muscles, and regulation of cyclic body processes.Shed. To diffuse or radiate. Vigorous. Marked by or done with force and energy. Yearn. To feel deep pity, sympathy, or tenderness. Summary of Data Craving A  food craving  is an intense desire to consume a specific food, stronger than simply normal  hunger. According to Marcia Levin Pelchat It may be the way in which foods are consumed rather than their sensory properties that leads to an addictive eating pattern. † There is no single explanation for food cravings, and explanations range from low  serotonin  levels affecting the brain centers for appetite to production of  endorphins  as a result of consuming  fatsand  carbohydrates.Foods with high levels of sugar  glucose, such as chocolate, are more frequently craved than foods with lower sugar glucose, such as broccoli because when glucose interacts with opioid system in the brain an addictive triggering effect occurs. The consumer of the glucose feels the urge to consume more glucose, much like an alcoholic, because the brain has become conditioned to release happy hormones every time glucose is present (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Food_craving). Definition Craving is an instant need of a person for satisfaction and the desire to satisfy an under inner need.Satisfaction is derived from the Latin word â€Å"sanus†, meaning â€Å"sound and healthy† or clean and whole (Wiley, 1997). Crave or Craving is a strong, urgent and persistent desire, pine for, sigh for, wish for, hope for, desire, want, long for, yearn for, hunger for, thirst for, hanker after, have a fancy for, have a yen for, lust after, covet, required, need (Thesaurus, second edition). Types Disputing Expectancies. Urges are, in essence, positive expectations. When we crave something, we expect it will create a pleasurable state, or reduce an unpleasant one.Urges are myopic, they can only see advantages. You must shed some light on your craving to effectively control it. One good way to decrease the potency of an urge is to focus on its negative consequences. Distracting. Some urges are so relentless that talking back to them doesnt work. Good old-fashioned distraction is sometimes the only medicine that can pull your thoughts away. Distraction can be cognitive, in the form of some mental exercises, or behavioural, in the form of an alternate activity. Decatastrophizing. Especially early in your change efforts, cravings can seem excruciating.Everything you see can remind you of your habit. If you smoke, every room you enter may bring to mind the image of a cigarette and associated pleasure. The inability to satisfy the urge can lead to frustration and inner statements like, I cant stand this! or There is no way I will be able to live without giving in. Ill just go crazy! Statements like this can be overwhelming (selfhelpmagazine. com). Fast food When people all over the world are looking for a quick, easy meal to grab on the go, fast food is the common solution.With the efficient service, low prices and casual atmosphere, fast food seems like the ideal all-American choice. In fact, over 25 per cent of Americans consume fast food every day. Fast food does not have to be unhealthy, but most of the time it is; consumers often order foods with more fat, calories, sugar and sodium, and less nutrition and vitamins than is necessary. According to this Google map, there are close to 50,000 fast food chains across the United States, with McDonalds being the largest restaurant chain. In the world, there are more than 500,000 fast food places.Kids between the ages of 6 and 14 eat fast food 157,000,000 times every month. Ninety-six percent of kids in school could recognize an image of Ronald McDonald, the face of McDonalds. The only recognizable figure that ranked higher was Santa Claus. To top it off, Americans spend nearly $100 billion on fast food every year. Most people dont consider fast food as their healthiest option. While there are some ways to eat a well-balanced, nutritious meal at a fast food restaurant, the unhealthy options are more common and more appealing. Often, someone can consume all of the calories they need for the entire day in one sitting at a fast food restaurant but not all fast food is bad. Today, more and more fast food restaurants are offering healthier options and new menu items (http://www. pamf. org/teen/health/nutrition/fastfood. html). Definition Fast food generally refers to the type of restaurants that sell quick, inexpensive take-out food. During a relatively brief period of time, the fast food industry has helped to transform not only diet, but also landscape, economy, workforce, and popular culture (Wiley, 1997). Restaurants are usually a chain that serves quickly prepared foods. A type of food that is serves in a restaurant (Webster Encyclopedia, Deluxe Edition). Fast food  is the term given to food that can be prepared and served very quickly. While any meal with low preparation time can be considered to be fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a  restaurant  or store with preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for  take-out/take-away(Merriam Webster). History The essence of fast food lies in its fast service and availability of ready cooked meal.As urban development became a phenomenon in the 20th century, especially in the US, people got busy in their works and the culture of eating outside in restaurants and food outlets gained immense popularity. Food is a basic necessity. The industry which deals with preparing food items/products refers to the food service industry. The food service industry is and will always remain in high demand because of its genre. The extraordinary growth of the fast food industry has been obsessed by fundamental changes in society. The concept of ready-cooked food for sale is closely connected with urban development.In  Ancient Rome  cities had street stands that sold bread, sausages and wine. In the cities of Roman antiquity, much of the urban population living inmulti-story apartment blocksdepended on food vendors for much of their meals. In the mornings, bread soaked in wine was eaten as a quick snack and cooked vegetables and stews later in the day. A simple type of eating establishment. In areas which had access to  coastal  or tidal waters, fast food would frequently include local  shellfish  or  seafood, such as  oysters  or, as in London,eels. Often this seafood would be cooked directly on the  quay  or close by.The development of  trawler fishing  in the mid nineteenth century would lead to the development of a  British  favourite  fish and chips, and the first shop in 1860. A  blue plaque  at  Oldhams Tommy field Market marks the origin of the fish and chip shop and fast food industries in Britain(manilareviews. com/2010). Sanitation Clean as you go. The biggest positive step management can take in the field of sanitation is to make employees conscious of cleanliness, as soon as the cleaning crew disperse and the regular employee understands that they must clean as they go, the cleaning work becomes much easier.In a medium-sized restaurant with 35 employees, they plan to have the cleaning done by the regular staff together with some professional help on the more difficult jobs. Employees in a fast-food avoid hand work as much as possible by using self-cleaning and easy-maintenance equipment. Cooperate with health departments. The second positive step in sanitation is to cooperate fully with all cities, county and state health departments with the National Sanitation Foundation.Cooperating with the health departments means not only meeting design and layout requirements but the following regulations from day to day, because the basic rules for sanitation have been developed over the years to protect the food service operator as w ell as the public. Purchase and receipt of food. Individual portions of food once served to a customer shall not be served again. Building facilities. All rooms which food is stored, prepared or served, utensils are washed, toilet, dressing and locker rooms and garbage storage areas shall be well ventilated and cleaned.Employee regulations. No person while affected with any disease in a communicable form or while a carrier of such disease shall work in any capacity in a food service establishment and all employees shall wear clean outer garments. Employees shall not smoke or use tobacco in any form while engaged in the preparation or service of food or while handling any utensils or equipment. Sanitation procedures. All walls and ceilings including doors shall be kept clean and in good repair. Uniform shall be kept in suitable containers until removed for laundering.All parts of the establishment shall be neat, clean and free of litter and rubbish (Kahrl, 1973). Types of Locations Major traffic arteries. These locations usually develop because a high concentration of traffic moves through the area, and usually carries more than 15,000 cars in a 24-hour period. Various food facilities, like fast food is concentrated along traffic roads. Fast food sections, given right demographic, benefits, generative study, and eating-out food amount, flourish here. Near shopping centers and commercial concentrations.This kind of location is attractive, it does not assure success, because considerations, such as competition, demographic characteristics, and access and escape, must be appropriate. Major multiple-use generative concentrations. These may vary from regional shopping centers to major office developments to hotels, industrial parks, and mixed-use developments. Primarily, found in downtown areas, now, this type of location is around always in the suburban areas. Dense-urban areas. These are commonly in the central city or in lower suburban communities with eloquent quantity of population. Numerous fast food operators have raise many assets in locations on major traffic roads within the dense-urban environment. Highway interchanges. Food facilities are placed on open highways, around major interchanges of limited access expressways, or on service roads near to major freeways. Open highway location usually attracts customers from a broad area, especially in rural areas. This is primarily extensive since driving time is more important than distance. Although highway locations mostly provide a very broad area, but these usually have a lower number of customer visit.It can be unhealthy for a fast food operation. It is necessary to select the right interchange and to maintain adequate access and outlet. Major malls and shopping centers. Enclosed malls commonly offer greater potential because they protect against severe weather. One of the critical particular factor in determining whether to enter a major mall is the placement within the mall. It is precisely accessible to be in the proper mall, but in the inaccurate location. Well-planned food courts with a meticulously chosen group of fast food operations have completed very vigorous. University areas. Generally concentrated in resident universities or college areas and towns. Massive student bodies, who have a strong adaptation towards fast food menus, usually found a profitable market for such an operation if the section is appropriately positioned. Several fast food service have based units in student unions, because of steep industry turnover and low interest. Industrial areas. Sometimes, a fast food facility is placed inside or at the primary entrance or exit to a major industrial area or park. Such food facilities generally are daytime and early evening operations.Lunch is commonly the primary meal, result from the after-work crowd. Special locations. A broad range of situations can create special locations. Among the possibilities are tourist, seasonal, scenic, amusement, water-oriented, comedy clubs, and food facilities and stall in airports, railroad stations, and some bus terminals(Melaniphy, 1992). Fast food satisfies the taste of more Filipinos. More Filipinos crave for fast and cheap foods that are high in fats and cholesterol. More Filipinos crave for fast food during lunch time. 71% of our respondents know that fast foods are unhealthy. More Filipinos prefer to eat fast foods. Fast food is the choice of more Filipinos. Only 22% of our respondents are not satisfied in fast foods. Conclusions Primary cause or factors of craving 1. Lack  of  primary  food. Being  discontented  with  a  relationship  or  having  an  incorrect exercise  routine(too  much,  too  little  or  the  wrong  type),being  bored, stressed, uninspired by a job, or  lacking  a  spiritual  practice  may all cause emotional eating. Eating can be used as an alternative for entertainment of to fill the empty of primary food. 2. Water.Lack  of  water  can  send  the  message  that  you  are  thirsty  and  on  the  limit of  dehydration. Dehydration  can  show  as  a  mild  hunger,  so  the  first  thing  to  do when you get  a  craving  is  drink a  full  glass  of  water. Excess  water  can  also cause cravings, so  be sure that  your  water  intake  is  well  balanced. 3. Yin/yang imbalance. Certain foods have more yin qualities (expansive) while other foods have more yang qualities (contractive). 4. Inside coming out. Often times, cravings come from foods that we have recently eaten foods eaten by our ascendant or foods from our childhood.An expert way to satisfy these cravings is to eat a healthier version of one’s ancestral or childhood foods. 5. Seasonal. Often the body craves foods that balance the basis o f the season. In the spring, people crave detoxifying foods like leafy greens or citrus foods. In the summer, people crave cooling foods like fruit, raw foods and ice cream. 6. Lack of nutrients. If the body has insufficientnutrients, it will produce unusual craving. 7. Hormonal. When women experience menstruation, pregnancy or menopause, changing testosterone and estrogens levels may cause unique cravings. 8. De ­evolution.